See tor in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "toweare"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "toure"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "tower"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "tour"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "towr"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "toweare"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "towere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "tower"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "tour"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "towr"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "toweare"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "towour"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "tower"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "tour"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "towr"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "toweare"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "tur"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tor"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "toer"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "torn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Durm"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Tuure"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Tuam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Torrem"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Tur"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Turm"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "turem",
"word": "טורעם"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "turma"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "turn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Durm"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Tuure"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Tuam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Torrem"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Tur"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Turm"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "turem",
"word": "טורעם"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "turma"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "turm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Durm"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Tuure"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Tuam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Torrem"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Tur"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Turm"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "turem",
"word": "טורעם"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "turma"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "tuorn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Durm"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Tuure"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Tuam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Torrem"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Tur"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Turm"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "turem",
"word": "טורעם"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "turma"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "torn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Durm"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Tuure"
},
{
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "Tuam"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Torrem"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Tur"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Turm"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "turem",
"word": "טורעם"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "turma"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "torm"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "turn"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "túr"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tùr"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:turris<id:tower>",
"id": "tower"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tower\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"τύρσις\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"turris\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"tor\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"tower\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"tor\" id=\"Old_French:_tower\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "turris",
"4": "turrim"
},
"expansion": "Latin turrim",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "τύρρις"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin turrim, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tor oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "tors",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tor",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tors",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tur",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tour",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "tor oblique singular, f (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tor, nominative plural tors)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tower"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtuɾ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ur"
}
],
"word": "tor"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old French/ɔr"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "whence French taureau",
"translation": "whence French taureau",
"word": "torel"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "taurus"
},
"expansion": "Latin taurus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin taurus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tor oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tors",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tors",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tor",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tor oblique singular, m (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tors, nominative plural tor)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bull (bovine)"
],
"links": [
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔr"
}
],
"word": "tor"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tor meaning in Old French (17.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tor oblique singular or', originally 'tor oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"tor"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tor",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tor oblique singular or', originally 'tor oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"tor"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tor",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'tor oblique singular or' in 'tor oblique singular, f (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tor, nominative plural tors)'",
"path": [
"tor"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tor",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tor oblique singular or', originally 'tor oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"tor"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tor",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tor oblique singular or', originally 'tor oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"tor"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tor",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'tor oblique singular or' in 'tor oblique singular, m (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tors, nominative plural tor)'",
"path": [
"tor"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tor",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.